In a large pot, heat the olive oil over medium heat. Add the diced onion and sauté for about 5 minutes until translucent.
Stir in the minced garlic, diced carrot, celery, and bell pepper. Cook for an additional 5 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Add the rinsed black-eyed peas, vegetable broth, smoked paprika, dried thyme, bay leaf, salt, and pepper. Bring the mixture to a boil.
Reduce the heat to low, cover, and let it simmer for about 45 minutes, or until the black-eyed peas are tender.
If using, stir in the chopped kale and cook for an additional 5 minutes until wilted.
Remove the bay leaf and stir in the apple cider vinegar if desired. Adjust seasoning with more salt and pepper to taste.
Serve hot, garnished with fresh herbs or a drizzle of olive oil if desired.